IPhone: Explained: What is the HEIC format for photos in iPhone, how it helps users and more

HEIC, which stands for High Efficiency Image Format, is a file format developed by the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG). Apple adopted this format for iPhones and other Apple devices because it offers several advantages over traditional image formats like JPEG. We explain what HEIC is, why Apple chose to use it, and whether it’s a better alternative to JPEG.

What is HEIC?

HEIC is a container format for images that uses advanced compression techniques to store photos more efficiently. It’s based on the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) codec, which is commonly used for high-quality video compression. HEIC files typically have the .heic or .heif file extension.
Apple introduced HEIC with iOS 11 in 2017, so it’s not a new format. However, with the iPhone 15 series, Apple has started to promote it more than before. There are several reasons behind it and why HEIC may be a better option:

Space saver ‘mode’

HEIC files are significantly smaller than equivalent JPEG or ProRAW files on iPhones. This means that you can store more photos on your device without consuming as much storage space. For users with limited storage capacity on their devices, this is a significant advantage.

Better image quality

HEIC supports 16-bit colour, which means it can capture a broader range of colors and details compared to the 8-bit colour used in JPEG. This results in better image quality, especially for photos with complex colour profiles or subtle gradients.

Lossless compression

HEIC uses more efficient compression algorithms than JPEG. This allows for smaller file sizes without significant loss of image quality. When you view a HEIC image, it often appears identical to the original, while the file size is smaller.

Is HEIC a better option than JPEG?

HEIC offers several advantages, but whether it’s a better alternative to JPEG depends on the context and your specific needs. One of the main challenges with HEIC is its compatibility with non-Apple devices and older software. While modern Windows and Android devices can open HEIC files, older devices and software may struggle to do so. JPEG, on the other hand, is universally supported.
For professional photographers and those who require extensive post-processing, HEIC’s non-destructive editing capabilities are a significant advantage. It allows for more flexibility in image manipulation and archiving.